Type of bitumen

Bitumen extracted from oil or ore, special, pure bitumen, which, according to Genesis, is classified. Pure bitumen as well as the desired properties for various applications to find that they fall under other processes and different types of bitumen (including blown , tar solution, bitumen, pitch, roll, etc.) form.

Petroleum bitumen

Bitumen is usually obtained from the distillation of crude oil. The tarry bitumen or tar called distillers. [3] bitumen product of the distillation of crude oil distillation tower. In the first stage of distillation, lightweight materials such as gasoline and propane are separated from crude oil. This process is performed at a pressure close to atmospheric pressure. In the second phase the heavier compounds like diesel and kerosene out. This process takes place at a pressure close to vacuum. Finally, a mixture of very fine solid particles called asphaltene remains immersed in fluid Grysmanndy called Maltn.

But some of bitumen in nature and as a result of the gradual conversion of crude oil and evaporation of volatile materials in the passage of many years to come. Such tar, called bitumen durability than oil. 

Blown bitumen

Bitumen blown Blow hot air into pure pitch stage comes the final act of purification. In this process, hot air with a temperature of 200 to 300 ° C by perforated pipes into the chamber containing bitumen is blown. The result of this process, hydrogen atoms in the molecules of hydrocarbon tar, with oxygen in the air and water formation, operation polymerization occurs. Bitumen pitch pure blown degree of influence is less, the more soft and less sensitive to changes in temperature. This type of pitch to make more sheets cover the roof, used car batteries and Coating. Symbol R bitumen is blown. For example, bitumen 80/25 R in the sense of softness blown bitumen grade 80 and grade 25 is penetrated.

Bitumen mixture or solution

Bitumen mixture to a mixture of bitumen and a suitable solvent (eg kerosene or gasoline) are known. The bitumen temperatures broth or with a little heat turns to liquid. it mix used in a variety of asphalts Makadamy cover. This type of pitch speed setting or hardening depends on the type of solution. For example due to high evaporation rate gasoline, bitumen solution in petroleum firm is faster.

Bitumen emulsion

Bitumen emulsion with a mixture of bitumen, water and an emulsifier material is obtained. Camo amount of emulsifier is about 0. 3 to 0. 5% by weight of bitumen is. The amount of water this type of pitch is 30 to 50 weight percent bitumen. Article Amvlsyvnsaz an alkali salt of organic acids or ammonium salts which bitumen particles become pregnant. It particles repel each other due to inductive load a hundredth to one thousandth of a millimeter in diameter and as spheres floating in water. The use of this type of pitch, reduce environmental pollution such as oil or flammable solvents are not used, the risk of ignition during transportation of bitumen decreases.